Abstract
Developing and testing theoretical models of suicidal processes is an important step towards designing appropriately targeted interventions. Though numerous correlates of suicidal ideation have been identified, little theory articulates exactly how suicidal ideation arises in such contexts. Drawing on empirical and theoretical literature, we present the rationale for a stress-coping model to explain the development of suicidal ideation within an individual (the emotion self-confidence model of suicidal ideation). Negative emotionality is viewed as an internal contextual stressor, potentially leading to the coping response of suicidal ideation, depending on how well an individual believes he/she can cope with or change the negative emotionality (emotion self-confidence). In particular, high levels of negative emotionality coupled with low emotion self-confidence would be expected to predispose towards thoughts of suicide. We discuss the relationship between emotion self-confidence and processes associated with suicidal ideation, such as depression and hopelessness, as well as how emotion self-confidence relates to broader cognitive behavioral constructs involving coping expectations. Accordingly, we outline the benefits of conceptualizing the model within Lazarus and Folkman’s (1984; Lazarus, 1999) stress-coping framework.
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