Abstract
Abstract RNA methylation, the most prevalent type of RNA modification, encompasses more than 60 % of all known RNA modifications. With the advancement of methylation sequencing technologies, a diverse range of biological functions associated with RNA methylation in eukaryotes has been revealed. Specifically, 5-methylcytosine (m5C) modifications have been extensively observed in various RNA molecules, including messenger RNAs (mRNAs), ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and non-coding RNAs. These m5C modifications have been shown to impact critical RNA processes, such as mRNA translation, rRNA assembly, and tRNA stability. Notably, emerging evidence suggests that m5C modifications play significant roles in the initiation and progression of human cancers. However, a comprehensive understanding of the intricate m5C networks involved in human cancers is yet to be fully realized. In this comprehensive review, we provide an up-to-date summary of the roles and potential mechanisms underlying m5C modification in human cancers.
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