Abstract
Research into high linear energy transfer (LET) radiotherapy now spans over half a century, beginning with helium and deuteron treatment in 1952 and today ranging from fast neutrons to carbon-ions. Owing to pioneering work initially in the United States and thereafter in Germany and Japan, increasing focus is on the carbon-ion beam: 12 centers are in operation, with five under construction and three in planning. While the carbon-ion beam has demonstrated unique and promising suitability in laboratory and clinical trials toward the hypofractionated treatment of hypoxic and/or radioresistant cancer, substantial developmental potential remains. Perhaps most notable is the ability to paint LET in a tumor, theoretically better focusing damage delivery within the most resistant areas. However, the technique may be limited in practice by the physical properties of the beams themselves. A heavy-ion synchrotron may provide irradiation with multiple heavy-ions: carbon, helium, and oxygen are prime candidates. Each ion varies in LET distribution, and so a methodology combining the use of multiple ions into a uniform LET distribution within a tumor may allow for even greater treatment potential in radioresistant cancer.
Highlights
Seventy years have passed since Lawrence and Tobias first employed helium and deuteron particle beams in human patients, beginning the clinical study of charged particle radiotherapy (CPT), or hadrontherapy [1, 2]
Inaniwa et al explored the nuclear interactions of particles within patients, adapting and validating the previously described planar integrated dose distribution measured in water (PID) correction method for scanned Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for treatment plans involving helium, carbon, oxygen, and neon-ion beams [72]
Significant considerations are required for the possible translation of these initial developments within Multi-ion radiotherapy (MIRT) to clinical treatment
Summary
Seventy years have passed since Lawrence and Tobias first employed helium and deuteron particle beams in human patients, beginning the clinical study of charged particle radiotherapy (CPT), or hadrontherapy [1, 2]. Inaniwa et al explored the nuclear interactions of particles within patients, adapting and validating the previously described planar integrated dose distribution measured in water (PID) correction method for scanned CIRT for treatment plans involving helium-, carbon-, oxygen-, and neon-ion beams [72] They verified the stochastic microdosimetric kinetic model following previous work to optimize computational time and memory space, and verified the model within two cell irradiation experimental models, HSGc-C5 and MIA PaCa-2, which have notably different radiation sensitivities, for hypofractionated MIRT [73]. They found that biophysical stability in the target volume was similar to protons, while normal tissue dose was similar or improved versus helium dose planning, with < 1% deviation from the planned target RBE value
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
