The Emergence of Operational Art for Space: Is it Time for Another Mitchell or Mahan

Abstract

Abstract : Operational art for space was thrust upon the U.S. military for the first time with the execution of Desert Storm. The conduct of space operations as directed by USCINCSPACE during the Gulf War, and subsequent changes in military organizations, training and education point to the emergence and beginning evolutions of space operational art much as it happened for sea and air power. By categorizing the operational utility of military power for a specific medium into four historical stages, the emergence and evolution of sea and air power are traced and then applied to space. Given the identifiable characteristics of each stage with respect to technology, societal views and military thinking, it is clear that the development of space operational art is at the same stage as sea power was before WWI and air power during the early interwar period. Given this understanding, the lack of space theory and doctrine before Desert Storm is expected and consistent with the corresponding level of technology and societal hesitation towards military space. However, Desert Storm ushered in a new stage of space power development, necessitating a reinvigoration of debate and the development of a unifying doctrine and a more comprehensive operational art for space. The vision of another Mitchell or Mahan for space will provide the foundation for the needed mobilization of both public support and the national leadership. The United States is poised for a national debate on the militarization of space and the subsequent decisions may well impact whether space is ready for the next war or not.