The Emergence of Complicated and Pluralistic Interaction Networks and Hierarchies in the State Formation Period of Japan as Evidenced Through Rock-Cut Tombs

Abstract

This paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of rock-cut tombs in the state formation period of Japan, from the late stage of the Kofun (tumuli) period, to the Nara period (6th to the 8th century). The analysis indicates that the form of rock-cut tombs is fairly similar within relatively short distances, but becomes more varied with distance. The main findings are as follows: (a) information about the structure of graves was spread through local and plural strata networks that operated over short distances and (b) changes in burial practices might not be brought about by the movement or migration of people over long distances but by people who belonged to particular ancient clans. In the state formation period, information and funeral customs were shared through complicated and plural information networks. The results of this study offer implications for research into the social structure and economic system in the formative period of the ancient Japanese state.