Abstract
The electron charge distribution in a martensitically transforming single- crystal of V 3Si in the superconducting state has been obtained from accurate X-ray diffraction measurements. The most significant differences between the electron density maps at room temperature and below the superconducting transition are the disappearance of the bond between the Si atom and the V-V bond on a chain at the lower temperature and the appearance of two anisotropic rings around each V-V bond at 13.5 K. By comparing our results with various physical properties, we conclude that, on cooling, V 3Si begins to anticipate a martensitic transformation at about 130 K even though this transformation does not actually occur before ∼ 21 K.
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