Abstract
Presently, a plethora of techniques is available to study the electrochemical properties of solid inorganic and organic micro- and nano-particles immobilized on electrode surfaces, provided that they possess a faradaic electroactivity. Similarily, immobilized droplets of liquids and solutions, which are immiscible with the electrolyte solution, give access to the three-phase electrochemistry of redox centers in the droplets, allowing determinations of free energies of ion transfer between the immiscible liquid phases. Possible and necessary future activities in the field of immobilized particles and droplets will be discussed here. The electrochemistry of suspended micro- and nano-particles possessing faradaic electroactivity is much more complex and needs special attention in future research. Finally, the electrochemistry of liposomes and biological vesicles, which do not possess faradaic activity, but the ability to produce capacitive signals upon attachment to electrodes, will be discussed focusing on possible future developments.
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