Abstract
The inability of families to care for their elderly causes them to place the elderly in the Panti Werdhas. The elderly who move to a Panti Werdha usually have difficulties to adapt the new surroundings that can affect their quality of life. The World Health Organization (WHO) developed instruments to measure quality of life, a multidimensional and cross-cultural approach, namely WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and WHO Quality of Life-OLD (WHOQOL-OLD). Both instruments have been translated into Indonesian language. The aim of the study was to analyze the differences in quality of life between the elderly who live in the Panti Werdhas and in the community. A cross-sectional analytic quantitative study was carried out from October to November 2019 at 5 Panti Werdhas and 6 public health centers (Puskesmas) in Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia. The total number of respondents in the Panti Werdha and at the Puskesmas as many as 42 respondents. The selection of respondents in the Panti Werdhas used purposive sampling, whereas in the puskesmas used consecutive sampling. The Chi-square or Fisher's Exact test was used to analyze the respondent's characteristics and the Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze differences in the quality of life. This study discovered that respondents living in the Panti Werdhas were older, not married/divorced and less educated compared to respondents in the community. The quality of life of the elderly in Panti Werdhas was lower compared to the elderly in the community for all dimensions (p=≤0.05) except the dimensions of death and dying (p=0.741). It can be concluded that there are differences in the quality of life between the elderly who live in Panti Werdhas and in the community except at the dimensions of death and dying.
Highlights
In Indonesia, the elderly are someone who has entered the age of 60 and above
Indonesian.(Gondodiputro, Wiwaha, et al 2019; Purba et al 2018) Based on this information, the purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the quality of life (QoL) between the elderly who live in the nursing homes (Panti Werdha) and the community using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD instruments Indonesian version
Based on the results of the study, the respondents who lived in the Panti Werdha were older, were not married or divorced and had low education compared to the respondents who lived in the community. (Table 1) Regarding the period of living in the Panti Werdha, most of the respondents had been living in the institution more than 2 years. (Table 1) Our study discovered that the age of the elderly living in Panti Werdhas was older than that of the elderly in the community
Summary
The elderly population is an age group who enters the final stages of its life phase. This group will undergo a process called aging process or ageing. (Ekasari, Riasmini, and Hartini 2018) The aging process can cause physical and mental problems, and changes in social conditions that may result in a decline in their societal roles. These conditions can decrease their health status, loss of their capacity to work and are regarded as incapacitated individuals. The elderly had a bond with their own home, so that they had a sense of security, self-identity, self-concept, self esteem, and positive feelings. (Putri, Fitriana, and Ningrum 2018)
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