Abstract
The presence of point defects in a solid produces a, change in the elastic moduli arising from the altered interatomic forces. The continuum theory of this “bulk effect” is discussed in detail. A major theoretical uncertainty remains regarding the effect of shear strains on the moduli. Experimental results are reported on the bulk effect on Young's modulus for Cu and W irradiated below 15°K with 10 MeV protons. Both metals give a negative bulk effect; the fractional change in Young's modulus per atomic fraction of interstitial-vacancy pairs is estimated to be −13 ± 3 for Cu and − 13 ± 3 for W. These sizeable negative values suggest either a large negative shear strain effect as predicted by Zener or anelastic processes which are active at 4.2°K.
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