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Abstract
The Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering is a subtle intermediate correlation between entanglement and Bell nonlocality. It not only theoretically completes the whole picture of non-local effects but also practically inspires novel quantum protocols in specific scenarios. However, a verification of EPR steering is still challenging due to difficulties in bounding unsteerable correlations. In this survey, the basic framework to study the bipartite EPR steering is discussed, and general techniques to certify EPR steering correlations are reviewed.
Highlights
The Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering [1] depicts one of the most striking features in quantum mechanics: With local measurements, one can steer or prepare a certain state on a remote physical system without even accessing it [2,3]
EPR steering can be seen as a subtle quantum correlation or quantum resource in between entanglement and nonlocality
The nonlocality is defined as the failure of local realism, usually modeled by local hidden variable (LHV) models
Summary
The Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering [1] depicts one of the most striking features in quantum mechanics: With local measurements, one can steer or prepare a certain state on a remote physical system without even accessing it [2,3]. Whilst EPR steering requires entanglement as the basic resource to complete the remote state preparation task, the correlation implied by EPR steering is not always enough to violate any Bell inequality. This problem was further addressed by Wiseman, Jones, and Doherty [1,14] in 2007 They showed that there exists a set of bipartite entangled states, which can exhibit EPR steering properties but are not sufficient to violate Bell inequalities. For such states, termed as “EPR steerable states”, one party can remotely prepare certain quantum states on the other party, and such preparations can not be replaced by any classical or quantum local operations.
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