The Efficient Derivation of Trophoblast Cells from Porcine In Vitro Fertilized and Parthenogenetic Blastocysts and Culture with ROCK Inhibitor Y-27632.

Dongxia Hou,Lihua Zhao,Manling Zhang,Yuhang Zhao,Haiquan Yu,Xiawei Li,Ting Yun,Min Su,Xueling Li,Rongfeng Li,Zhiying Li,Jason Glenn Knott

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142442

Dongxia Hou, Lihua Zhao + Show 10 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142442

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Journal: PloS one	Publication Date: Nov 10, 2015
Citations: 16	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Nanjing Medical University, Inner Mongolia University

Abstract

Trophoblasts (TR) are specialized cells of the placenta and play an important role in embryo implantation. The in vitro culture of trophoblasts provided an important tool to investigate the mechanisms of implantation. In the present study, porcine trophoblast cells were derived from pig in vitro fertilized (IVF) and parthenogenetically activated (PA) blastocysts via culturing in medium supplemented with KnockOut serum replacement (KOSR) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on STO feeder layers, and the effect of ROCK (Rho-associated coiled-coil protein kinases) inhibiter Y-27632 on the cell lines culture was tested. 5 PA blastocyst derived cell lines and 2 IVF blastocyst derived cell lines have been cultured more than 20 passages; one PA cell lines reached 110 passages without obvious morphological alteration. The derived trophoblast cells exhibited epithelium-like morphology, rich in lipid droplets, and had obvious defined boundaries with the feeder cells. The cells were histochemically stained positive for alkaline phosphatase. The expression of TR lineage markers, such as CDX2, KRT7, KRT18, TEAD4, ELF5 and HAND1, imprinted genes such as IGF2, PEG1 and PEG10, and telomerase activity related genes TERC and TERF2 were detected by immunofluorescence staining, reverse transcription PCR and quantitative real-time PCR analyses. Both PA and IVF blastocysts derived trophoblast cells possessed the ability to differentiate into mature trophoblast cells in vitro. The addition of Y-27632 improved the growth of both PA and IVF blastocyst derived cell lines and increased the expression of trophoblast genes. This study has provided an alternative highly efficient method to establish trophoblast for research focused on peri-implantation and placenta development in IVF and PA embryos.

Highlights

Porcine embryos can be produced in vitro by different technology, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), and parthenogenetic activation (PA)
A duplicate experiment was conducted with a total of 3221 mature porcine oocytes for parthenogenetic activation and in vitro fertilization
The significant development difference between PA embryos derived by electrical activation and IVF embryos during in vitro culture was not observed

Summary

Introduction

Porcine embryos can be produced in vitro by different technology, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), and parthenogenetic activation (PA). The derived embryos are important for agriculture and biomedical research [1]. These in vitro produced embryos are less developmentally competent than in vivo-derived embryos, especially for the PA derived embryos. Parthenogenetically derived blastocysts have a reduced total cell count and fewer cells in the inner cell mass (ICM) compared to fertilized embryos [6,7,8], and they usually experience severe developmental failure [9, 10]. The mechanisms underlying the deficiencies of embryos generated from PA and SCNT have not been completely understood [16]

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