Abstract
In this research, we used Pistacia atlantica gum during cooling phase of oil-heat treatment of poplar wood (Populus deltoids) to improve its resistance to the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor and growth of the mold fungus Penicillium expansum. Thermal modification was carried out using rapeseed oil at 180 °C, 200 °C and 220 °C for 2 hours and 4 hours. The modified wood specimens were then directly cooled in the oil containing 0 %, 5 % and 10 % (w/w) of the gum at 25 °C for 30 minutes. The chemical constituents of the essential oil extracted with a Clevenger type apparatus were determined by chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The amounts of α-pinene, β-pineneand α-terpinolene of the essential oil were 60,2 %, 8,7 % and 3,9 %, respectively. The mold resistance was greatly improved, while the improvement against the decay fungus was only observed for the specimens modified at 180 °C. Our results confirmed that the enhanced fungal resistance was not only due to the presence of monoterpenes in the essential oil, but also to a further reduction in the hygroscopicity of the treated wood
Highlights
Natural compounds of plants, such as essential oils, and extractives from very durable wood species, can be used as alternatives to harmful chemical preservatives for biological protection of wood (Pánek et al 2014, Xie et al 2017, Fernández-Costas et al 2017, Zhang et al 2016, Bahmani and Schmidt 2018)
This study aimed to improve the resistance of oil-heat treated poplar wood to growth of the mold Penicillium expansum and the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor by using P. atlantica gum during the cooling stage of the thermal modification process
The chemical components of P. atlantica essential oil are shown in Table 1 α-pinene, β-pinene and α-terpinolene were the most constituents of the oil with amount of 60,15 %, 8,68 % and 3,93 %, respectively
Summary
Natural compounds of plants, such as essential oils, and extractives from very durable wood species, can be used as alternatives to harmful chemical preservatives for biological protection of wood (Pánek et al 2014, Xie et al 2017, Fernández-Costas et al 2017, Zhang et al 2016, Bahmani and Schmidt 2018). The exudate gum from the tree trunk which is rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons is used in pharmaceutical and food industries (Barrero et al 2005, Benhammou et al 2008). It was historically used by some philosophers such as Abu Ali Sina as a medicine for abdominal pain and stomach ulcers. The insecticidal properties of the essential oils of this plant against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coloeptera: Bruchidae) was reported by Pourya et al (2018)
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