THE EFFICIENCY OF BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF SOYBEAN GROWING ON HEAVY LOAMY CHORNOZEM ON THE RIGHT-BANK STEPPE OF UKRAINE

Abstract

Objective. To study the efficacy of pre-sowing inoculation of soybean seeds with biological preparations in different preparative forms with and without pre-treatment of seeds under different systems of protection against weeds. Methods. Field, laboratory, biochemical, mathematic-statistical and economic. Results. In the stationary field experiment, the influence of different forms of biological preparations on the soybean growth under the conditions of the Right-bank Steppe of Ukraine has been studied. It has been established that in the seed pre-treatment, Maxim XL, which determines the increase in soybean productivity compared to the preparation Scarlet is preferred, and among the inoculants, it is preferred to choose Ryzobofit both in liquid and in the peat form. It has been proved that the post-emergent herbicides contribute to the decrease of weeds in soybean culture, which results in better conditions for the growth and development of plants, an increase in the number of nodules on the roots, and increased grain yield. The use of biological preparations contributed to an increase in not only the number of nodules on soybean plant roots, but also their mass compared to control without inoculation (7.8–76.9 or 26.7–109.7 %, respectively). Under the resource-saving system of crops protection from weeds in soybeans, higher rates were obtained in variants where treater Scarlet was used for pre-sowing treatment, and under the intense one — Maxim XL. The use of biological preparations in technology has made it possible to significantly increase yields by 0.2–0.3 t/ha (or 9.2–13.8 %) under both systems of crop protection from weeds. Conclusion. On heavy loamy chornozem on the Right-bank Steppe of Ukraine, pre-sowing inocula-tion of soybean by biological preparations is a mandatory agrotechnical measure, which, in combi-nation with seed pre-treatment, allows a significant increase in yields and contributes to improving the quality of the grain when cultivating the crop using both studied systems for protection of crops from weeds.