The Efficacy of Topical Interferon Alpha 2b Treatment in Refractory Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a 2-month topical interferon alpha 2b treatment in patients with refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis.Methods: Twelve (10 male, 2 female) patients with refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis received topical treatment with one million IU/mL interferon alpha 2b 4 times a day for 2 months. Symptom and ophthalmological examination scores were assessed at baseline and during follow-up.Results: No significant complications or side effects associated with the use of topical interferon alpha 2b were observed. Symptom scores for itching, tearing, photophobia, and total symptom score, and objective scores for corneal lesion, hyperemia, chemosis, papillary hypertrophy, secretion, and total examination score significantly improved during the 2-month treatment. Improvements were maintained after discontinuation of the treatment for most parameters.Conclusions: Topical interferon alpha 2b treatment seems to offer a safe and effective alternative for the treatment of refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis for a brief period.