The Efficacy of Short-Term Weight Loss Programs and Consumption of Natural Probiotic Bryndza Cheese on Gut Microbiota Composition in Women.

Ivan Hric,Simona Ugrayová,Adela Penesová,Eva Baranovičová,Marian Grendar,Žofia Rádiková,Sára Šardzíková,Viktor Bielik,Gábor Beke,Ľuboš Klučár,Katarína Šoltys,Libuša Kubáňová,Martin Kolisek

doi:10.3390/nu13061753

Abstract

Weight loss interventions with probiotics have favourable effects on gut microbiota composition and derived metabolites. However, little is known about whether the consumption of natural probiotics, such as Bryndza cheeses, brings similar benefits. The purpose of the study was to find the effect of short-term weight loss programs and Bryndza cheese consumption on the structure of the gut microbiota, microbiota-derived metabolites and body composition in middle-aged women. We conducted a randomised controlled intervention study. Twenty-two female participants with a body fat percentage ≥25% underwent a short weight loss program (4 weeks). Subjects were randomised to either the control or intervention group according to diet. The intervention group comprised 13 participants, whose diet contained 30 g of “Bryndza” cheese daily (WLPB). The control group comprised nine participants without the regular consumption of Bryndza cheese (WLP) in their diet. Both interventions lead to a significant and favourable change of BMI, body fat, waist circumference and muscle mass. Moreover, the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichales significantly increased in both groups. However, the relative abundance of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillales, Streptococcaceae, Lactococcus and Streptococcus) significantly increased only in the WLPB group. Furthermore, short-chain fatty acid producers Phascolarctobacterium and Butyricimonas increased significantly in the WLPB group. A short-term weight loss program combined with Bryndza cheese consumption improves body composition and increases the abundance of lactic acid bacteria and short-chain fatty acid producers in middle-aged women.

Highlights

There is an abundance of literature on the positive effects of active lifestyle programs, diet, sport and exercise training on weight loss, metabolic health and prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases [1,2,3,4]
The participants were allocated into 2 groups: (a) healthy females who completed a 30-day weight loss program (WLP), and (b) healthy females who completed a 30-day weight loss program that included the regular consumption of natural probiotics (Bryndza cheese)
After completing the short-term weight loss program, significant differences were observed in the body composition characteristics in both groups (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

There is an abundance of literature on the positive effects of active lifestyle programs, diet, sport and exercise training on weight loss, metabolic health and prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases [1,2,3,4]. It is difficult to find the optimal strategy; basically, weight loss programs differ in terms of diet, calorie intake, type, intensity and frequency of physical activity (if included). Several studies have revealed that interventions including diet and moderate physical activity have a greater joint effect on body weight and composition than interventions featuring just one of these components [5,6]. Active lifestyle programs are often associated with negative energy balance, diet composition or preferring some functional foods consumption [10,11,12,13].

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