The efficacy of HDAC inhibitors in neoplasm treatment

Abstract

Introduction and purpose: Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) are associated with epigenetic regulation of gene expression. They are responsible of adequate action of not only histone proteins, but also crucial cell cycle proteins, such as p53, NF‐κB or alpha tubulin. Recent studies have shown the connection between expression of HDAC and carcinogenesis and impact of HDAC inhibitors on cancer therapy. The aim of the study was to review the recent studies on HDAC inhibitors efficiency in the treatment of hematologic neoplasms and solid tumors. It is a study review from 2010 to 2020 using the PubMed database and ClinicalTrials.gov. Description of state of knowledge: Most studies related to HDAC inhibitors impact in hematological neoplasms, such as multiple myeloma, Hodgkin lymphoma, T-cell lymphomas and acute myeloid leukemia. Among studied agents panobinostat, vorinostat and showed efficacy. Moreover, some HDACi demonstrated effectiveness in solid tumors treatment, foremost vorinostat in breast cancer and entinostat in non-small cell lung lymphoma. Summary: Including HDAC inhibitors in tumor treatment could be beneficial for patients, especially those with advanced, relapsed or refractory hematologic neoplasm. However, further studies are necessary to confirm their efficacy and to reveal side effects.