The Efficacy of a Multidisciplinary Falls Prevention Clinic With an Extended Step-Down Community Program

Abstract

Sze P-C, Cheung W-H, Lam P-S, Lo HS-D, Leung K-S, Chan T. The efficacy of a multidisciplinary falls prevention clinic with an extended step-down community program. Objective To investigate the efficacy of a falls prevention clinic and a community step-down program in reducing the number of falls among community-dwelling elderly at high risk of fall. Design Prospective cohort. Setting Community. Participants Community-dwelling elderly (N=200) were screened for risk of fall; 60 were identified as being at high risk and were referred to the intervention program. Intervention Twelve sessions of a once-a-week falls prevention clinic, including fall evaluation, balance training, home hazard management program, and medical referrals, were provided in the first 3 months. The community step-down program, including falls prevention education, a weekly exercise class, and 2 home visitations, was provided in the following 9 months. Main Outcome Measures Fall rate, injurious fall, and its associated medical consultation were recorded during the intervention period and the year before intervention. Balance tests included the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Sensory Organization Test, and limits of stability test; fear of falling, as evaluated using the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale, was measured at baseline and after the training in the falls prevention clinic. Results Significant reductions in fall rate (74%), injurious falls (43%), and fall-associated medical consultation (47%) were noted. Significant improvement in balance scores (BBS, P<.001; endpoint excursion in limits of stability test, P=.004) and fear of falling (ABC scale, P=.001) was shown. Conclusions The programs in the falls prevention clinic were effective in reducing the number of falls and injurious falls. The community step-down programs were crucial in maintaining the intervention effects of the falls prevention clinic.