Abstract
IntroductionRandom noise stimulation was reported as the more effective and safer type of electrical stimulation techniques in relieving tinnitus symptoms. The multisite protocol of transcranial random noise stimulation has shown additional favorable effects. ObjectiveHere we will discuss the role of applying eight sessions of multisite transcranial random noise stimulation in decreasing tinnitus loudness and annoyance without exerting additional adverse effects. MethodsTwenty-nine subjects (8 female), the mean age of (45.34±9.57) with chronic tinnitus received transcranial random noise stimulation in the multisite protocol, 10min of auditory-transcranial random noise stimulation applied over the T3, T4 preceded by 10min of prefrontal-transcranial random noise stimulation applied over F4, FP1. In the first group, only one session was applied and the multiple-sessions group contained eight repeated sessions. Visual analog scale scores for loudness and distress were recorded before and immediately after the treatment. Multivariate repeated measure ANOVA test was used and minimal detectable change calculated. ResultsThere was a statistically and clinically significant reduction in tinnitus loudness and annoyance in both groups (p<0.05, effect size (η2)>0.8), while the amount of annoyance suppression in the multiple-sessions group was significantly greater than the single-session group. The patients of the multiple-sessions transcranial random noise stimulation group reported an improvement in their sleep and lower tinnitus handicap inventory scores without experiencing any additional adverse effects of the intervention. ConclusionsThe results of this study showed a substantial improvement in tinnitus symptoms by using the multiple sessions of transcranial random noise stimulation in the multisite protocol without producing any additional side effects. We suggest further clinical trials with long-term follow-up be investigated.
Highlights
Random noise stimulation was reported as the more effective and safer type of electrical stimulation techniques in relieving tinnitus symptoms
We name transcranial Electrical Stimulation which was frequently used in tinnitus research in the Direct Current (DC) form[4] and more recently in the form of transcranial Random Noise Stimulation which have got more popular recently for its superiority in relieving tinnitus symptoms with fewer side effects than other models of Tes.[5,6]
A repeated measure ANOVA was conducted for the Visual Analog Scale (VAS-L) score as a within-subjects variable with two levels and the group as a between-subjects variable
Summary
Random noise stimulation was reported as the more effective and safer type of electrical stimulation techniques in relieving tinnitus symptoms. Objective: Here we will discuss the role of applying eight sessions of multisite transcranial random noise stimulation in decreasing tinnitus loudness and annoyance without exerting additional adverse effects. The patients of the multiple-sessions transcranial random noise stimulation group reported an improvement in their sleep and lower tinnitus handicap inventory scores without experiencing any additional adverse effects of the intervention. Several treatment approaches were introduced for the management of tinnitus Among these techniques, we name transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES) which was frequently used in tinnitus research in the Direct Current (DC) form[4] and more recently in the form of transcranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS) which have got more popular recently for its superiority in relieving tinnitus symptoms with fewer side effects than other models of Tes.[5,6] This technique was introduced by Terney et al, 2008 as a novel model of tES, for more details about the tRNS paradigm we refer to their paper.[7]
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