Abstract
Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of phytase and different levels of calcium (Ca) in an available phosphorus-limited diet (aP) on the performance, bone mineralization, and Ca and P retention of broilers. In Trial 1, 160 one-day-old male broilers were placed into 40 cages and allocated to five dietary treatments: one positive control [PC, 4.7 and 4.3 g/kg non-phytate P (NPP) and 9.0 and 8.5 g/kg Ca, from 1 to 21 days (d) and from 21 to 35 d of age, respectively] and four negative control [NC, 3.2 and 2.9 g/kg NPP and 7.0 and 6.3 g/kg Ca in starter (1–21 d) and growth (22–35 d) diet] groups comprising 4 concentrations of phytase A (FLF® 1000 FUT, 0, 250, 500 and 1000 FTU/kg). In Trial 2, 300 one-day-old broilers were placed into 60 cages and allocated to 10 dietary treatments, consisting of two NC diets (3.2 g/kg NPP), either 7.0 g/kg Ca (low Ca) or 9.0 g/kg Ca (high Ca), supplemented (0 or 500 FTU/kg) with four different phytases [OptiPhos® 5000 CT (A), Phyzyme® XP10000 TPT (B), Ronozyme® NP (C) and FLF® 1000 FUT (D)] from 1 to 14 d. In Trial 1, the PC group and the group receiving the highest dose of phytase A FLF® 1000 FUT (1000 FTU/kg) yielded significantly higher average daily gains from 1 to 21 d and higher tibia weights and ash contents than the NC, 250, and 500 FTU/kg. In Trial 2, no differences were observed in performances between animals receiving different types of phytase. Low Ca diets improved the feed efficiency from 1 to 7 d and ileal P digestibility. The interaction between Ca:aP and phytase affected (P ≤ 0.05) the feed efficiency from 1 to 7 d and ADG from 7 to 14 d. Based on this study, high levels of phytase (1000 FTU/kg) supplemented in starter (1–21 d) and growth (22–35 d) diets containing 3.2 and 2.9 g/kg NPP and 7.0 and 6.3 g/kg Ca, respectively, may be required to promote performance and bone mineralization in growing broilers. Lowering Ca levels to 7 g/kg in starting diets may exert greater effects on performance and ileal P digestibility than low levels (500 FTU/kg) of phytase.
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