The Effects Of Whole-body Vibration And Fatigue On Vertical Jump Performance

Abstract

Whole Body Vibration (WBV) is the exposure of oscillating vibration to the body, which may result in an increase of the rate of motor unit activation. Fatigue of knee extensor muscles has been shown to hinder vertical jump (VJ) performance. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of WBV and fatigue on vertical jump (VJ) performance. METHODS: Sixteen active males and females (age, 23.19 ± 2.56; weight, 79.05 ± 16.97; height, 174.36 ± 12.11) volunteered for five-day study. On day 1 familiarization, after completing an IRB approved informed consent and health screening questionnaire participants were prepped on testing protocols. Following a dynamic warm up, testing sessions 2-5 will include one of four conditions: No WBV and No Fatigue (C1), WBV and Fatigue (C2), WBV and No Fatigue (C3), and No WBV and Fatigue (C4). WBV was performed using a frequency of 50Hz and a low amplitude while performing quarter squats for a total of 4min with a 30s rest or work ratio. Lower-body fatigue induced using Bosco fatigue test, performing 60s of jump squats. VJ was performed using an AMTI force plate and peak force, velocity, and power were calculated and a Vertec was used to measure vertical jump height (VJH). VJ data was collected pre and post conditions each day. Percent change scores (%Δ) were calculated between pre and post conditions and used for analysis. SPSS was used to perform a Repeated Measures ANOVA. RESULTS: There was significant differences between C1 and C2 (p= 0.005; C1= -1.21 ± 5.91; C2= -7.83 ± 6.17 %Δ), C1 and C4 (p= 0.002; C1= -1.21 ± 5.91; C4= -8.94 ± 6.90 %Δ), C2 and C3 (p<0 .001; C2=-7.83 ± 6.17; C3= 0.97 ± 4.63 %Δ), C3 and C4 (p< 0.001; C3= 0.97 ± 4.63; C4= -8.94 ± 6.90 %Δ) in VJH. There were significant differences between C1 and C4 (p= 0.011) and between C3 and C4 (p= 0.017) in peak force. There were significant differences between C1 and C2 (p= 0.01), C1 and C4 (p= 0.02), C2 and C3 (p< 0.001), and C3 and C4 (p= 0.001) in peak velocity. There were significant differences between was between C1 and C2 (p= 0.03), C1 and C4 (p= 0.03), C2 and C3 (p= 0.004), and C3 and C4 (p= 0.008) in peak power. There were no significant (p> 0.05) differences between other variables. CONCLUSIONS: WBV did not show to change the detrimental effects of lower-body fatigue, however this study did show lower-body fatigue decreases vertical jump performance.