Abstract
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) can be applied to the whole body as compared to the application of using single hand-held devices that isolate a smaller muscle area. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an acute dose of whole-body PBMT pre- and post-high-intensity resistance training on creatine kinase (CK) and salivary interleukin-6 (IL-6) in a sample of trained males. Twelve males (31 ± 8.3 years, 177.2 ± 5.4 cm, and 86.0 ± 7.5 kg) were part of a randomized, counterbalanced, cross-over design, whereby each participant performed a high-intensity resistance training session that consisted of the bench press, chin-up, and repeated sprints on two separate occasions. Each participant was assigned to either the PBMT or control condition on two separate weeks, with a 10-days washout period between the weeks. Creatine kinase was measured at baseline, 24, 48, and 72 h post-exercise. Salivary IL-6 was measured at baseline, 60, 90, and 120 min. A paired t-test showed no significant difference (p = 0.669) in the area under the curve (AUC) for CK during the PBMT (191.7 ± 48.3) and control conditions (200.2 ± 68.0). A Wilcoxon signed-rank test also showed no significant median difference (p = 0.155) in the AUC for salivary IL-6 during the PBMT (Mdn = 347.7) and control conditions (Mdn = 305.8). An additional Wilcoxon signed-rank test for CK percentage change from 24 to 72 h showed the PBMT condition (Mdn = −45%) to have a −18% median difference as compared to the control condition (Mdn = −41%). As such, whole-body PBMT does not significantly reduce the activity of salivary IL-6 or CK concentration during the 24 to 72-h recovery post-high-intensity resistance training.
Highlights
Recovery from exercise is the act of re-establishing invested resources on a physiological and psychological level from periods of physical fatigue induced by training (Kellmann, 2002)
There was no statistical difference in baseline creatine kinase (CK) values across the Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and control weeks (Figure 4) (Supplementary Table 1)
Baseline CK values for the PBMT and control weeks were 341.0 ± 188.5 U/L and 387.0 ± 292.2 U/L, respectively
Summary
Recovery from exercise is the act of re-establishing invested resources on a physiological and psychological level from periods of physical fatigue induced by training (Kellmann, 2002). The most common methods of recovery are cold-water immersion (CWI), contrast bath, stretching, nutrition, sleep, and active recovery (Crowther et al, 2017; Murray et al, 2017, 2018). Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has emerged as a potential method of recovery after training (Leal-Junior et al, 2019). Despite ambiguous and inconsistent terminology (i.e., “light therapy,” “cold laser,” LED, and near-infrared) in the research literature, in 2016, the term photobiomodulation was added to the database for Medical Subject headings in the National Library of Medicine. PBMT is defined as a non-thermal process used in therapeutic settings to alleviate pain, reduce inflammation, and promote tissue regeneration (Anders et al, 2015)
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