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Abstract
Hypothesis: The inhalation of vitamin E acetate (VEA) results in an e-cigarette or vaping use associated with lung injury (EVALI) and lipoid pneumonia in individuals who vape. Methods: We utilized databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, Medscape, and gray literature to search for relevant literature. Results: Our study displayed that after inhalation of vitamin E acetate from vaping, the chemical elicits a strong immune response. Vape liquid has been extensively studied for its composition and toxicity in humans. Many emergency departments have reported cases of EVALI in healthy individuals that have required ventilatory support for survival. Careful history taking of these individuals revealed that they had inhaled vape smoke that contained VEA. In addition, the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids of other patients with a positive vaping history showed numerous lipid-laden macrophages, suggesting that exogenous exposure to VEA plays a role in the etiology of lipoid pneumonia. Conclusions: Our study concluded that when heated, vitamin E acetate and its additives are capable of causing significant respiratory harm. However, further research is needed to determine the exact effects of vitamin E acetate in individuals who vape.
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