The effects of vitamin D and curcuminoids supplementation on anthropometric measurements and blood pressure in type 2 diabetic patients with coexisting hypovitaminosis D: A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Curcuminoids and vitamin D have been shown to improve blood pressure and body weight in diabetic animals; however, consistent findings in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients are limited. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of curcuminoids and vitamin D, simultaneously or singly on anthropometric measurements and blood pressure in T2DM patients with insufficient vitamin D level. In this randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, eighty T2DM patients were randomly assigned into 4 groups receiving (1) 500mg/day curcuminoids; (2) 50,000 IU/week vitamin D3; (3) 50,000 IU/week vitamin D3 plus 500mg/d curcuminoids; or (4) placebos for 12 weeks. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were evaluated before and after intervention. Intergroup comparisons showed that Vitamin D (main effect) significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P=0/000). Curcuminoids (main effect) significantly reduced DBP (P=0/001). Interaction effects showed that curcuminoids significantly prevented the effect of vitamin D on the reduction of SBP (P=0.006). Whereas, vitamin D and curcuminoids had a synergistic effect on DBP reduction (P=0.006). The comparison of changes in anthropometric measurements between the four groups showed no significant differences in the raw and adjusted models. In-group comparisons showed that SBP, DBP, waist to hip circumference (WHR), body fat mass (BFM), percent body fat (PBF) and visceral fat area (VFA) values were significantly reduced in all groups except the placebo group compared to baseline values. Only in the CR-D group, there was a significant reduction in body weight (P=0/047). Curcuminoids and vitamin D may have beneficial effects on blood pressure and anthropometric measurements in T2DM patients. CLINICAL REGISTRATION: http://www.IRCT.ir:IRCT2017041213678N22.