The Effects of Using the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) on the Fundamental English Classes of Thai EFL Learners

Abstract

This study aimed to gather information related to cooperative learning and corrective feedback to support the English teaching and learning based on the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) of grade 10-12 students in the academic years of 2023 at Wat Phrasrimahadhat Secondary Demonstration School, Phranakhon Rajabhat University. The participants were 284 students who studied Fundamental English I, II, III, IV, V and VI. The instrument was the Google form questionnaire developed in terms of teaching and learning English. The results were interpreted, categorized, and tabulated on computer sheets. The findings revealed that cooperative learning helps student to socialize, enhances good working relationships, improve the attitude towards work, enhances class participation, and make students participate in activities. Additionally, based on the corrective feedback, students valued teachers who asked questions to ensure understanding, motivated to persevere through difficult tasks, provided multiple explanations, respected students' ideas, and encouraged to learn from their mistakes.