The effects of uniaxial crystal on off-axis hollow vortex Gaussian beams

Abstract

We introduce the concept of off-axis hollow vortex Gaussian beams (HVGBs) propagating in uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis and study the effects of uniaxial crystal on propagation. The effects of ratio of extraordinary refractive index to ordinary refractive index, the topological charge M, integer order N on the intensity and phase have been analyzed by using numerical examples. We found that the spreading properties of off-axis HVGBs can be modulated by the ne/n0 of uniaxial crystal.