The Effects of the Household Land Use Objects Change on the Gr ain and Ecology in China

Abstract

Land use has effects on grain and ecology security by changing the landscape and the intensification all over the world.How to keep a balance between meeting human needs and maintaining land diversity is the focus of scientists around the world.Great land use change has taken place in China,which will have great effects on the global grain and ecology security.Many researches about the land use change and the effects have been conducted,but few researchers analyzed the household land use objective change with the economic development in China.In this paper,the household land use objectives are divided into four phases and different phases have different effects on grain and ecology security in China.The four household types include subsistence land use phase,subsistence and profit optimization phase,profit maximization phase and landscape effect maximization phase.In the first phase,the household land use objective is to gain the family grain needs,but the technical margin yield is very low,so the household has to expand the cultivated land and change the grass and forest land into cropland.In the second phase,the household land use objective is to meet family grain needs and will make good use of other lands to make more profit.They will make good use of the land and improve the intensification.Many households are at this phase and produce high grain yield,which is the support of grain security in China.However,the intensification in land use has negative effects on ecology.At the third phase,the household land use goal is to make money,and farmers will configure the land,labor and the capital to pursue the highest profit.If the land size is too small,they will decrease the input,but the technical margin yield is high.At the last phase,the household has gone beyond seeking for the subsistence and the money,and they will use the land according to the landscape needs.They will decrease the production and input,which leads to the diversity of agricultural lands.