Abstract
The Vickers hardness and its anisotropy of two kinds of iron single crystals were investigated at various temperatures. One kind of iron was decarburized and the other contained about 300 ppm of carbon. The hardness of the decarburized crystals decreased almost linearly with increasing temperature. The crystals containing about 300 ppm of carbon were harder than the decarburized crystals in the whole range of testing temperatures, and displayed the maximum hardness at about 400°C. The hardness anisotropy can be expressed by the following relation: H=Hacos (4θ+δ)+Hb, where θ represents the orientation of the diagonal of hardness impression, δ the phase difference, and Ha and Hb are constants depending on the kinds of crystals and on the temperature.
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