The Effects of Tannins in Monogastric Animals with Special Reference to Alternative Feed Ingredients.

Zahra Mohammed Hassan,Tlou Grace Manyelo,Monnye Mabelebele,Letlhogonolo Selaledi

doi:10.3390/molecules25204680

Zahra Mohammed Hassan, Tlou Grace Manyelo + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204680

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Abstract

Over recent years, the monogastric animal industry has witnessed an increase in feed prices due to several factors, and this trend is likely to continue. The hike in feed prices is mostly due to extreme competition over commonly used conventional ingredients. For this trend to be subdued, alternative ingredients of both plant and animal origin need to be sourced. These types of ingredients are investigated with the aim of substituting all or some of the conventional compounds. However, alternative ingredients often have a double-edged sword effect, in that they can supply animals with the necessary nutrients although they contain antinutritional factors such as tannins. Tannins are complex secondary metabolites commonly present in the plant kingdom, known to bind with protein and make it unavailable; however, recently they have been proven to have the potential to replace conventional ingredients, in addition to their health benefits, particularly the control of zoonotic pathogens such as Salmonella. Thus, the purpose of this review is to (1) classify the types of tannins present in alternative feed ingredients, and (2) outline the effects and benefits of tannins in monogastric animals. Several processing methods have been reported to reduce tannins in diets for monogastric animals; furthermore, these need to be cost-effective. It can thus be concluded that the level of inclusion of tannins in diets will depend on the type of ingredient and the animal species.

Highlights

Monogastric animal production, in particular the poultry production sector, is growing continuously, driven mostly by the demand for meat and eggs
Different processing methods have proved to be effective in the reduction or elimination of these antinutrients
This review has provided extensive literature on the benefits and impacts of tannins in poultry production

Summary

Introduction

Monogastric animal production, in particular the poultry production sector, is growing continuously, driven mostly by the demand for meat and eggs. This rapidly growing industry and the increasing demand for poultry feeds have led to a considerable increase in feedstuff prices. It was discovered recently that the inclusion of the antibiotics could leave residue in the meat and cause resistance to some bacteria in humans [1]. These multifaceted challenges compelled the concerned researchers

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