Abstract
BackgroundThe attainment of a good primary stability is a necessary condition to ensure the success of osseointegration in implantology. In type IV cancellous bone, however, it is possible that a reduced primary stability can lead to an increased rate of failure. The aim of this study was therefore to determine, with the help of the resonance frequency (Osstell mentor), which technique of implant site preparation (piezo surgery, conventional, under-preparation, bone compaction, osteodistraction) and macro-geometry is able to improve implant stability in type IV cancellous bone.Material and Methods10 pig ribs were prepared with a surgical pre-drilled guide, calibrated for a correct implant positioning. On each rib, 5 implant sites (one for each technique) were prepared. Successively, 50 conical implants (Tekka Global D) were inserted and measured with the resonance frequency to evaluate the primary stability. Data collected were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test whether the Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) values of the five techniques were significantly different.ResultsThe results showed that no significant differences among the ISQ values of the five techniques used were found. Also, no significant differences in the macro-geometry of the two types of compared implants were observed. However, the macro-geometry of Tekka implants, characterized by a double condensing thread, seems to provide greater ISQ values than those of single thread implants when using the same technique.ConclusionsIn light of these preliminary data, it is conceivable that in cases of reduced stability, such as those occurring with a type IV bone, all means ameliorating the primary stability and accelerating the osseointegration can be utilized. Key words:Implant primary stability, resonance frequency analysis, implant site preparation.
Highlights
Osseointegration is a biological response that leads to a structural direct connection between the vital bone and the surface of an implant under functional load
The developed one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) model was not statistically significant (f-value: 0.373; p-value: 0.826), and no statistically significant difference between the Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) values corresponding to the various techniques used was found
As reported in table 1, the ISQ values corresponding to the various techniques are very similar, with the possible exception of the TO technique showing a slightly lower stability (Fig. 2)
Summary
Osseointegration is a biological response that leads to a structural direct connection between the vital bone and the surface of an implant under functional load This process is attributed to a series of sequential activation processes of osteoblasts, with subsequent production and mineralization of the peri-implant osteoid tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the primary stability of 5 different techniques of implant site preparation using the resonance frequency (Osstell mentor) in a model of type IV animal cancellous bone. The aim of this study was to determine, with the help of the resonance frequency (Osstell mentor), which technique of implant site preparation (piezo surgery, conventional, under-preparation, bone compaction, osteodistraction) and macro-geometry is able to improve implant stability in type IV cancellous bone. Conclusions: In light of these preliminary data, it is conceivable that in cases of reduced stability, such as those occurring with a type IV bone, all means ameliorating the primary stability and accelerating the osseointegration can be utilized
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