Abstract
AbstractThe effects of surfactants (non‐ionic, anionic, and cationic) on the homogeneous polymerization of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and acrylamide were studied at 30, 35, and 35°C, respectively. The comparative rate studies, in the presence of Triton X‐100, Jadinol PU, cetyl pyridinium bromide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and lauryl pyridinium chloride at the concentrations below and above critical micellar concentration (CMC), reveal that the surfactants exerted a widely varying degree of influence on these systems of polymerization. Adsorption of ions from the aqueous phase onto the surface of oppositely charged micelles, presumably due to electrostatic attraction between them, governs the generation of reactive species thereby causing typical influences on the rate. Besides coulombic forces, the rate is also governed by the hydration factor of the hydrophilic macromolecules. Increase in pH of the medium with increasing concentration of anionic soap has provided a support to the view that the preferential adsorption of H⊕ ions may occur at the interface of anionic micelles. Neutral soap has been shown to be impotent when the soap concentration remained much below CMC.
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