Abstract
More and more people use food supplements for various reasons, e.g. to prevent mineral deficiency and diseases (e.g. osteoporosis, diabetes, anaemia). Supplements containing Cr(III) are purchased primarily for weight loss and antidiabetic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementary Cr3 {chromium(III) propionate complex, [Cr3O(O2CCH2CH3)6(H2O)3]NO3)} on the mineral status in female Wistar rats. The study was carried out on 30 female Wistar rats, divided into five groups (six animals in each): a control group and test groups fed Cr3 supplemented diets with 100, 200, 500 and 1000 mg Cr · kg−1 diet (equivalent to 10, 20, 50 and 100 mg Cr ·kg−1 body mass (b.m.) per day) given as Cr3 for 4 weeks. Supplementary Cr3 increased the Cr content in tissues in a dose-dependent manner. High dietary doses of Cr3, 20 and 100 mg Cr · kg−1 b.m., increased the Cu content in the liver and spleen as well as the Zn content in the kidneys but decreased the liver Ca content. Doses of 50–100 mg Cr ·kg−1 b.m. decreased the serum Fe concentration and the Fe content in the liver and kidneys. Supplementation with Cr3 at doses of 10 and 100 mg Cr ·kg−1 b.m. did not affect the Mg content in the rats’ tissues. In conclusion, high dietary doses of Cr3 (10 and 100 mg Cr· kg−1 b.m.) given for 4 weeks affected the mineral status of Fe, Zn, Cu and Ca in the tissues of healthy female Wistar rats.
Highlights
In recent years, chromium has been one of the most investigated dietary minerals
Chromium(III) deficiency may contribute to carbohydrate metabolism disorder [1]
Trivalent chromium has been postulated to be necessary for insulin efficacy in regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and protein [5]
Summary
Chromium has been one of the most investigated dietary minerals. Chromium is a trace mineral that has received much attention as a dietary supplement because good dietary sources of chromium are scarce and the intake is usually low. Chromium(III) deficiency may contribute to carbohydrate metabolism disorder [1]. Many trials proved the positive effect of supplementary chromium(III) on fasting plasma glucose, lipid variables, especially in diabetic subjects [2,3,4]. For this reason, trivalent chromium has been postulated to be necessary for insulin efficacy in regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and protein [5]. A number of chromium compounds can be considered as a perspective for metabolic syndrome treatment [6]
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