The Effects of Subgrid Model Mixing and Numerical Filtering in Simulations of Mesoscale Cloud Systems

Abstract

Abstract Using the newly developed Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, this study investigates the effects of subgrid mixing and numerical filtering in mesoscale cloud simulations by examining the sensitivities to the parameters in turbulence-closure schemes as well as the parameters in the numerical filters. Three-dimensional simulations of squall lines in both no-shear and strong-shear environments have been performed. Using the Smagorinsky or 1.5-order turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) subgrid model with standard values for the model constants and no explicit numerical filter, the solution in the no-shear environment is characterized by many poorly resolved grid-scale cells. In the past, such grid-scale noise was avoided by adding a numerical filter which, however, produces excessive damping of the physical small-scale eddies. Without using such a filter, it was found that by increasing the proportionality constant in the eddy viscosity coefficient in the subgrid turbulence models, the cells bec...