Abstract
The cardiovascular effects of four different infusion rates (5, 10, 20 and 40 µg kg−1 min−1) of a 0.01% solution of sodium nitroprusside were studied in six anaesthetized dogs. The animals received IPPV with 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen under four sets of conditions: (a) with 0.6% halothane and normocapnia, (b) with 0.6% halothane and hypocapnia, (c) with 1.2% halothane and normocapnia, and (d) with 0.6% halothane and s-adrenergic receptor blockade with propranolol 0.2 mg kg−1. Left ventricular pressure, aortic pressure and flow (electromagnetic flow transducer), pulmonary artery pressure, stroke volume, peak aortic blood acceleration and max LV dP/dt were measured. Aortic input impedance, the distribution of energy during ventricular ejection and (max LV dP/dt)/IP, were calculated. Sodium nitroprusside was found to have no adverse effect on myocardial contractility. Reduced left ventricular filling appears to preclude any increase in cardiac output despite an increase in heart rate and a marked reduction in the impedance to left ventricular ejection.
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