Abstract
Purpose To investigate the effects of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on glucose metabolism and changes in glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. Methods GK rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups: SG, SG pair-fed plus sham surgery (PF-sham), and ad libitum-fed no surgery (control). Food intake, body weight, blood glucose, GLP-1 and insulin levels, and GLP-1 expression in the jejunum and ileum were compared. Results The SG rats exhibited lower postoperative food intake, body weight, and fasting glucose than did the control rats (P < 0.05). SG significantly improved glucose and insulin tolerance (P < 0.05). Plasma GLP-1 levels were higher in SG rats than in control or PF-sham rats in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (P < 0.05). Blood glucose levels expressed as a percentage of baseline were higher in SG rats than in control rats after exendin (9-39) administration (P < 0.05). The levels of GLP-1 expression in the jejunum and ileum were higher in SG rats than in PF-sham and control rats (P < 0.05). Conclusions Improvement of glucose metabolism by SG was associated with increased GLP-1 secretion. SG contributes to an increase in plasma GLP-1 levels via increased GLP-1 expression in the mucosa of the jejunum and/or ileum.
Highlights
There were 422 million diabetic patients in 2014, and 60% of these patients were obese [1, 2]
The body weights of the Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) rats after surgery were lower than those of the control rats (P < 0 05) (Figures 1(a) and 1(b))
A significant decrease in food intake was observed in the SG rats compared with the control rats in the first week after surgery
Summary
There were 422 million diabetic patients in 2014, and 60% of these patients were obese [1, 2]. Bariatric surgery provides sustained weight loss and glycemic control in obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and these effects have been found to be superior to those of conventional therapy in randomized controlled trials [2, 3]. Some of the beneficial effects of SG on glycemic homeostasis are secondary to weight loss, but the improvement in glucose control often occurs before substantial weight loss [8, 9]. These changes are not observed after an equivalent amount of diet-induced weight loss [10]. This study used nonobese diabetic GotoKakizaki (GK) rats to investigate the effects of SG on glucose metabolism and GLP-1 levels in these GK rats
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