Abstract
The phase transformation and crystal morphology of calcium oxalate (CaO x ) formed in water and sugar solutions and CaO x formed in CaO x –silica (SiO 2) systems with and without sugar have been investigated using a combination of instrumental techniques including X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and FT-IR spectroscopy. Addition of SiO 2 or sugar in CaO x crystallization system selectively promoted the formation of COT and COD, respectively, and modified the crystal size and habit of COM crystals, the extent of which was dependant on the concentrations of SiO 2 and sugar. CaO x –SiO 2 co-precipitation in sugar solutions led to the stabilization of either COD or COT, depending on the initial concentration of CaO x . A variety of mechanisms including electrostatic effects, geometrical matching and stereochemical compatibility between CaO x crystallites and polymeric SiO 2/sucrose molecules have been proposed to account for the observed crystallographic and morphological changes of CaO x .
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