Abstract
MARTIN, CAROL LYNN, and HALVERSON, CHARLES F., JR. The Effects of Sex-typing Schemas on Young Children's Memory. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 54, 1983, 563-574. Children 5-6 years of age were shown pictures depicting males and females performing sex-consistent and sex-inconsistent activities. 1 week later, memory for activities and for sex of actor performing activities was tested using a variety of memory measures. Level of stereotyping and perceived similarity to actors were also assessed. As predicted, children tended to distort information by changing the sex of the actor in sex-inconsistent pictures and not by changing the sex of actor on sexconsistent pictures. Children were also more confident of memory for pictures remembered as sex consistent (whether distorted or not) than for inconsistent pictures. Children's ratings of perceived similarity followed gender of actor and did not influence memory or distortion. Results were discussed in terms of a schematic processing model of sex stereotyping and in terms of the influence sex reversals could have on the development and maintenance of sex stereotypes.
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