Abstract
To evaluate the effects of autologous blood vessels and nerves on vascularization. A dog model of tissue-engineered bone vascularization was established by constructing inferior alveolar neurovascular bundles through the mandibular canal. Sixteen 12-month-old healthy beagles were randomly divided into two groups (n=8). Group A retained inferior alveolar neurovascular bundles, and Group B retained inferior alveolar nerves. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were injected into β-tricalcium phosphate to prepare internal tissue-engineered bone scaffold. A personalized titanium mesh was then prepared by rapid prototyping and fixed by external titanium scaffold. Two dogs in each group were sacrificed on the 30th, 45th, 60th and 90th postoperative days respectively. The bone was visually examined, scanned by CT, and subjected to HE staining, immunohistochemical staining, vascular casting and PCR to detect the changes in osteogenesis and vascularization. The two groups had similar outcomes in regard to osteogenesis and vascularization (P>0.05): both showed remarkable regenerative capacities. The model of tissue-engineered bone vascularization is potentially applicable in clinical practice to allow satisfactory osteogenesis and vascularization.
Highlights
Speed and quality are important in studies regarding tissue-engineered bones
Since the revascularization of large tissue-engineered bones, which depends on the ingrowth of peripheral blood vessels, is time-consuming, material-complexed osteoblasts may have died before the reestablishment of normal blood circulation
Under the same growth conditions, the seed cells inoculated in scaffold materials continuously reproduce and differentiate inward, leading to the death of central cells owing to hypoxia[6]
Summary
Speed and quality are important in studies regarding tissue-engineered bones. Since the revascularization of large tissue-engineered bones, which depends on the ingrowth of peripheral blood vessels, is time-consuming, material-complexed osteoblasts may have died before the reestablishment of normal blood circulation. It is impossible to provide favorable conditions, such as constant temperature, pH, and continuous supply of nutrients and oxygen, for the growth of seed cells inside large scaffold materials. Only the cells 20∼200 μm away from the capillaries in vivo can be nourished through diffusion[4], whereas those in vitro (100∼200 μm) cannot be sufficiently supplied with nutrients and oxygen[5]. Under the same growth conditions, the seed cells inoculated in scaffold materials continuously reproduce and differentiate inward, leading to the death of central cells owing to hypoxia[6]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
