Abstract
The authors argue that individuals may restore their self-esteem by derogating a member of an out-group, but only if they identify with the in-group and hold negative attitudes towards the out-group. In two experiments, the self-image of participants was either enhanced or threatened. Afterwards, participants evaluated an out-group target. The results provided broad support for the assumption that intergroup attitudes and in-group identification moderate the impact of self-image threat on the judgment of an out-group member. Self-image threat led to a more negative evaluation only in participants with negative out-group attitudes. It resulted in a more positive evaluation when participants held positive out-group attitudes and identified less with the in-group.
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