Abstract
This study examines the role of selenium and the effects of selenium nanoparticle-enriched food supplementation especially in ruminant animals. Selenium is an essential element that has multiple biological activities. Particularly it is important for many physiological processes, especially for the functions of reproductive and immune systems, metabolism of thyroid hormones, as well as antioxidant defense. Also, the presence of selenium nanoparticles in the diet provide a high content of selenium in milk and meat due to its high bioavailability and low toxicity, which is essential for humans.
Highlights
Selenium was discovered in 1817 by the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius
The biomedical applications and food supplements of selenium nanoparticles have been increasing based on their properties of non-toxic, high positive effects for prevention and treatment
We aimed to integrate the functional properties of nano-size selenium and applications of its food supplement for ruminant animals
Summary
Selenium was discovered in 1817 by the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius. In the beginning, the scientific community thought that selenium was toxic, but in the 1950s it was found that is a biologically essential element lends much support to health maintenance and disease prevention of humans and other all living organisms that is a major structural component of some enzymes and hormones. The biomedical applications and food supplements of selenium nanoparticles have been increasing based on their properties of non-toxic, high positive effects for prevention and treatment. We aimed to integrate the functional properties of nano-size selenium and applications of its food supplement for ruminant animals. Ruminal microorganisms, such as special process of the ruminant metabolism and Lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacteria, and it determines the assimilation and intake of Protozoa (ciliates) alter the bioavailability of nutrients from ingested food. Wenjuan Xun et effect, with higher acetic and isovaleric acids al., reported that rumen fermentation and feed [30] and the total concentration of VFAs, and utilization improved by nano-size selenium increased protozoa population, with a greater supplementation in the basal diet. Kheradmand et nanoparticles could stimulate rumen al. investigated the effect of nano-size selenium microbial activity, digestive microorganisms, on the antifungal activity of probiotic bacteria
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