Abstract
Pre-oxidation at 400 °C and thin Y 2O 3 film deposition were applied to a Cr18–Ni9–Ti stainless steel. The effects of these treatments on the selective oxidation behavior at 900 °C have been studied. Both treatments were found to improve the oxidation resistance of the alloy significantly. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDS and XRD analyses show that a Fe-rich oxide scale preferentially formed on the surface of the alloy during the pre-oxidation treatment, resulting in an oxide–alloy interface with increased Cr content and decreased oxygen pressure. Thus, after the pre-oxidation, the selective oxidation of Cr at the oxide–alloy interface was promoted during oxidation at 900 °C. Surface applied Y 2O 3 film, on the other hand, can change the growth mechanism of the scales and decrease their growth rate, also promoting the selective oxidation of Cr. These experimental results can be explained by a modified Wagner's theory on selective oxidation of alloys.
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