Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and its byproduct platelet-poor plasma (PPP) are rich sources of cytokines in tissue damage repair. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have received more and more attention for their ability to treat multiple diseases. The purpose of our study was to investigate the biologic action of PPP and PRP on BM-MSCs. The adipogenic potential of BM-MSCs revealed no obvious change, but the osteogenic ability of BM-MSCs was enhanced after treated with PRP. CCK8 assays and cell colony formation assays showed that PRP promoted cell proliferation, while this effect of PPP was not obvious. No obvious difference was found in cell cycle and apoptosis of BM-MSCs between PRP and PPP treatment. Expression of β-galactosidase, a biological marker of senescence, was decreased upon PRP treatment which indicated that PRP provided significant protection against cellular senescence. The migratory capacity of BM-MSCs was detected by scratch and transwell assays. The results indicated that PRP could affect the migration ability of BM-MSCs. From immunofluorescence detection and western blot, we demonstrated that the level of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins was changed and several pluripotency marker genes, including Sox2, Sall4, Oct4, and Nanog, were increased. Finally, the expression of the key signal pathway such as PI3K/AKT was examined. Our findings suggested that PRP promoted cell migration of BM-MSCs via stimulating the signaling pathway of PI3K/AKT.
Highlights
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) are fractions of blood plasma with different platelet concentrations
PDGF is the first factor in bone healing, which can stimulate the proliferation of MSCs, increase the number of osteoblasts, and promote the secretion of extracellular matrix [25]
We discovered that they promoted cell osteogenic ability to different degrees but restrained cell adipogenic ability, which is consistent with other studies
Summary
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) are fractions of blood plasma with different platelet concentrations. The platelet content of PRP and PPP is 6 × 1011 platelets/ml and 0:5 × 108 platelets/ml, respectively. PPP and PRP are obtained by repeatedly centrifuging and washing whole blood of humans at different centrifugal speeds. They are prepared by mixing different concentrations of platelets and anticoagulants. PRP contains a lot of cytokines, for instance, EGF, TGF-β, PDGF, and IGF-1. These cytokines play a significant role in supporting and stimulating growth and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells [1]. A number of investigations have revealed that PRP could promote cell migration; maintain the adipogenic, Analytical Cellular Pathology chondrogenic, and osteogenic differentiation capacity of stem cells; enhance cell clone formation; and maintain an immunosuppressive state [6, 7]
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