Abstract
Malaria has for century’s defiled eradication due to pathophysiological and environmental complexities. The study was aimed at revealing the effect of malaria parasitaemia on hepatic synthetic fidelity and oxidative stress markers individually and synergistically. A total of five hundred subjects constituted the sample size, out of which two hundred comprised the control and three hundred the test group with grades of parasitaemia. Serum aspartate aminotransferases (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), iron, malonaldehyde and glutathione were analysed using WHO approved methods. The results obtained indicated a significant increase (p<0.05) in AST, ALT, malonaldehyde, and glutathione levels in malaria infected subjects when compared to the control group respectively. The result further showed a significant decrease (p<0.01) in serum iron concentration in malaria infected groups when compared to the control. In conclusion, malaria infection has a significant impact on the hepatic synthetic capacity and oxidative indicators. It is suggested that these observed biochemical change should be considered when malaria infected individuals are treated and managed.
Highlights
Malaria is caused by obligate intracellular parasites, which live in the host erythrocytes and remodel these cells to provide optimally for their own needs
The results of the study showed a significant elevation of the serum aminotransferases and oxidative indicators in the test groups when compared with the control (Table 2 and 3)
The increase in enzyme activities could be attributed to assaults on liver parenchymal cells by the malaria parasites leading to the leakage of the liver enzymes into the general circulation
Summary
Malaria is caused by obligate intracellular parasites, which live in the host erythrocytes and remodel these cells to provide optimally for their own needs. The World Health Organization reported that malaria; the deadly parasitic disease is responsible for about ninety nine percent of death in Africa [2]. The invasion of the liver cells by malaria parasite can cause organ congestion, sinusoidal blockage and cellular inflammation [11]. When these happen, the parenchyma aminotransferases (AST and ALT) and membranous alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase enzymes of the liver leak out and find their way into the circulation, leading to increased enzyme activities [12]. This study has the propensity of unravelling the critical role of the source of iron deficiency and antioxidants in manipulating therapeutic intervention
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