The effects of physical exercise on older adults, aged 65 years and older, with a diagnosis of dementia: a systematic review protocol

Abstract

Review question/objective Does physical exercise affect functional performance, quality of life, cognitive impairment and physical activity levels of older adults (<65yrs) with a diagnosis of dementia? More specifically, the objectives are to: determine the effect of physical exercise on domains of functional performance, physical activity levels, quality of life and cognitive impairment determine whether resistance training or aerobic training is more effective on the elderly with dementia determine the impact of exercise on Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) Determine whether program effectiveness is dependent upon living arrangements (ie community-dwelling adults with dementia compared to those living in residential aged care facilities [RACF]) evaluate the validity and reliability of functional performance and physical activity measurement tools for peoples with dementia. Inclusion criteria Types of participants This review will consider studies that target older adults, aged 65 years and older, with a specific medical diagnosis of dementia, living in the community (with respite care) or in residential aged care facilities. Due to the nature of dementia diagnosis, the duration since diagnosis will not be considered as a point of reference for the severity of the disease. Exclusion criteria are studies that include older adults who are bed-ridden or hospitalized, dementia diagnosis based off MMSE scores alone (no medical diagnosis of dementia). Types of intervention(s)/phenomena of interest This review will consider all studies that evaluate physical exercise interventions using an experimental study design, of any length. Specifically, studies will compare a specific intervention in one–on-one and group settings. Studies aimed at increasing exercise through education or health promotion will not be included. Types of outcomes This review will include studies that measure at least one of the following primary outcome measures: quality of life, functional performance, physical activity levels and cognitive impairment. Secondary outcome measures may include any mentioned changes attributed to the program for dementia patients and/or their carers, as well as validity, reliability and appropriateness of outcome tools used.