Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of urinary tract infection (UTI) on antioxidant systems and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels during pregnancy. We also investigated if these antioxidant systems and LPO levels differed in each trimester. One hundred forty-three nonpregnant women, as a control group, and 77 pregnant women were included in the study. Urine cultures were performed according to standard techniques. Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and LPO levels were measured using a spectrophotometer. UTI was observed in 14 of 77 pregnant women and the isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. CAT, SOD, and LPO levels were increased in pregnant women compared with nonpregnant women (P < .01). CAT, SOD activities, and LPO levels were increased from the first trimester to the third trimester in pregnancy without UTI. However, CAT and SOD activities were decreased, LPO levels were increased from the first trimester to the third trimester in pregnancy with UTI (P < .01). Pregnancy causes oxidative stress and also UTI during pregnancy may aggravate oxidative stress.
Highlights
Free radical production (superoxide, hydroxyl and nitric oxide, and other reactive oxygen species (ROS)) occurs as a consequence of the endogenous reactions and plays an important role in the cell
We investigated if these antioxidant systems and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels differed in each trimester
In view of the trimesters, CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and MDA levels were increased from the first trimester to the third trimester in pregnancy without urinary tract infection (UTI)
Summary
Free radical production (superoxide, hydroxyl and nitric oxide, and other reactive oxygen species (ROS)) occurs as a consequence of the endogenous reactions and plays an important role in the cell. Increased formation of ROS and/or decreased antioxidant defense can be defined as oxidative stress, which is widely recognized as an important feature of many diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cancer, and renal failure. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) are some important endogenous antioxidants, which protect cells from oxidative stress [1]. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is an indicator of LPO which increases in various diseases. It was suggested that urinary MDA levels were increased such as thallassemia, renal failure, and pancreatic disease [2, 3]
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