The effects of muscle strength on center of pressure-based measures of postural sway in obese and heavy athletic individuals

Abstract

IntroductionObesity affects postural sway during normal quiet standing; however, the reasons for the increased postural sway are unknown. Improving muscular strength is regarded as a potential way to improve postural control, particularly for obese and overweight subjects. The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the role of muscular strength on postural sway in obese and overweight individuals. MethodsFifteen healthy weight (control group), seventeen obese (obese group) subjects and nine football players (heavy athletic group) participated in this investigation. Isometric knee extension force and postural sway were measured. Muscular strength was calculated in absolute measures as well as relative to body mass (muscular strength to body mass). ResultsThe heavy athletic group demonstrated significantly stronger (absolute) lower limb strength (1593.9N (95% CI 1425.5, 1762.3)) than both the obese (796.2N (95% CI 673.8, 824.5)) and control (694.1N (95% CI 563.7, 824.5)) groups. As well, when muscular strength was expressed as a ratio to body mass the heavy athletic group had significantly higher values (1.27 (95% CI 1.11, 1.43)) than obese (0.78 (95% CI 0.66, 0.89) and control (1.00 (95% CI (0.88, 1.12)) individuals. Despite this, they swayed similarly to the obese (mean center of pressure speed of 0.83cms−1 (95% CI 0.72, 0.93) vs. 0.87cms−1 (95% CI 0.80, 0.95)), that is, significantly more than the controls (0.60cms−1 (95% CI 0.52, 0.68)). ConclusionIsometric knee extensor strength has a minimal effect on postural sway in heavier athletic individuals during normal quiet stance.