Abstract

The Molière theory of multiple scattering by a screened Coulomb field is applied to typical data from varioys laboratories on p-nucleus scattering at small angles, and it is shown that in many cases the systematic errors due to multiple scattering are much larger than the published errors at the smallest scattering angles. A brief account of the Molière theory is given, with an extension to take into account the effects of beam size, beam divergence and counter size, provided that, together, these can be represented by a Gaussian. The Moliére theory is extended to take into account deviations from the screened Coulomb field cross section caused by nuclear effects, provided that these deviations can be expressed as an additive correction to the screened Coulomb field cross section. Finally, a method is outlined for extracting single scattering cross sections from data containing contributions from multiple scattering, the method being based on the validity of the Molière theory as a first approximation.

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