The Effects of Mn2+ on the Proliferation, Osteogenic Differentiation and Adipogenic Differentiation of Primary Mouse Bone Marrow Stromal Cells

Abstract

The effects of Mn(2+) on the proliferation, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs were evaluated by employing MTT, ΔΨm, cell cycle, ALP activity, collagen production, ARS and oil red O stain assays. The results indicated that Mn(2+) decreased the viability at most concentrations for 24 h, but the viability was increased with prolonging incubation time. Mn(2+) at the concentrations of 1×10(-7) and 1×10(-6)mol/L decreased ΔΨm in the BMSCs for 48 h. Mn(2+) induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest at tested concentrations. On day 7 and 10, the effect of Mn(2+) on the osteogenic differentiation depended on concentration, but it inhibited osteogenic differentiation at all tested concentrations for 14 d. The effect of Mn(2+) on the synthesis of collagen of BMSCs depended on concentration for 7 d, but Mn(2+) inhibited the synthesis of collagen at all tested concentrations for 10 d. On day 14, Mn(2+) inhibited the formation of mineralized matrix nodules of BMSCs at all tested concentrations, the inhibitory effect turned to be weaker with prolonging incubation time. Mn(2+) promoted the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs at all tested concentrations for 10 d, but had no effect with prolonging incubation time. These findings suggested the effects of Mn(2+) on the proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs are very complicated, concentration and incubation time are key factors for switching the biological effects of Mn(2+) from damage to protection.