The effects of mineral nutrition and benzyladenine on the plasmalemma ATPase activity from roots of wheat and Plantago major ssp. pleiosperma

Abstract

There is an increasing awareness of the possibilities of mineral nutrition as regulator of growth substance action and vice versa. The present paper focuses on the effects of mineral nutrition and benzyladenine at the level of the plasma membrane. Seedlings of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Drabant) and juvenile plants of Plantago major L. ssp. pleiosperma (Pilger) were grown hydroponically at different mineral levels with or without benzyladenine. Purified plasmalemma preparations from roots of wheat and P. major ssp. pleiosperma were obtained by the two phase partitioning method, using 6.5% (w/w) of each of Dextran T‐500 and polyethylene glycol 3350. The Mg2+ and (Mg2++ K+) dependent ATPase activities of the root plasmalemma in both species and the (Mg2++ Cl−) one in P. major ssp. pleiosperma increased with increasing mineral levels, but the ionic strength did not influence the substrate specificity, the sensitivity to inhibitors or the pH optima.The addition of 10−8M benzyladenine to a nutrient solution increased the ATPase activities. The pH optima and the sensitivity to several inhibitors were not affected by benzyladenine, but the substrate specificity for ATP decreased, except for the K+ stimulation. In conclusion, benzyladenine mimics the effects of a higher mineral level than actually applied. Data from this and previous experiments indicate that benzyladenine exerts its effects by increasing the endogenous cytokinin concentrations and by modulating membrane components.