The effects of mindfulness-based treatments for aggression: A critical review

Abstract

Recently, there has been significant growth in the empirical literature on mindfulness and mindfulness-based treatments (MBTs). The purpose of the current review was to critically examine and critique eleven studies evaluating MBTs for reducing aggressive behaviors. Articles were divided based on design (i.e., group design vs. single subject). This review highlighted evidence supporting the efficacy of the use of mindfulness-based treatments in individuals with aggressive behavior problems. Many of the group studies had weak designs, limiting the validity of the stated results. Results from the single-subject studies were more promising, providing strong support for the use of MBTs in reducing aggression. However, despite recent advances in the use of MBTs with individuals with aggression problems, questions remain unanswered. Finally, suggestions for future research are made to improve and identify means of evaluating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based treatments in an aggressive population. ► Research on mindfulness-based treatments for reducing aggressive behavior is reviewed. ► A comprehensive overview of the strengths and weaknesses is included. ► Four group studies found limited support, though were significantly flawed. ► Seven single-subject studies displayed consistent reductions in aggressive behaviors. ► Suggestions for future research aimed at improving research are presented.