Abstract
A measurement system for the relative permittivity of a physiological solution under 50 Hz magnetic fields (MF) is presented. It is based on a phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) system. Relative permittivity was analyzed for different solute concentrations of sodium chloride under various MF exposure parameters. We found that MF exposure at 0.2–4.0 mT step-wise decreased significantly the SPR phase signal of a 0.9% sodium chloride solution while 0.1 mT of MF exposure did not. The decreases in the SPR phase signal depended on the duration of MF exposure, and the signal reached a plateau after 15 min of exposure. Interestingly, the decreased SPR phase signal showed a gradual increase and approached the background level when the exposure was drawn off. In addition, we found that the response of the sodium chloride solution to MF also depended on its concentration. In brief, the relative permittivity of sodium chloride in solutions appears to be practically affected by 50 Hz MF exposure. Our data indicates that the relative permittivity of the saline solution influenced by MF exposure should be considered when investigating the biological effects of MF exposure on organisms in experimental study.
Highlights
IntroductionConventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors are based on amplitude detection and can be classified as intensity-interrogation[22], angle-interrogation[23] and wavelength-interrogation[24]
Detection, and food safety[14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21]
In this study we have measured relative permittivities of sodium chloride solutions under 50 Hz magnetic fields based on a phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) system with a high sensitivity of about 1900 rad/RIU and a high resolution of about 3.421 × 10−7 RIU
Summary
Conventional SPR sensors are based on amplitude detection and can be classified as intensity-interrogation[22], angle-interrogation[23] and wavelength-interrogation[24]. SPR sensors based on phase-interrogation have been extensively studied since the late 1990s, because their resolution is 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of amplitude-interrogation (10−7–10−8 RIU)[10,25,26,27]. The change in permittivity of the sample could be reflected by the SPR phase signal change. That means, when the change in SPR phase signal is detected, we can consider that the permittivity of the sample changes. The effects of ELF-MF on sodium chloride solutions with different concentrations have been studied by analyzing the changes in SPR phase signals
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